Lance's Corner

AHRQ Issues Regulatory Update

Aug 5, 2025

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) has issued its weekly regulatory update, which can be read below.

August 5, 2025 | Issue #969

In This Week's Issue: decrease in misuse of ADHD drugs; infection prevention program recruitment; new statistical brief on hypertension treatment; AI digital scribing tools

Study Identifies Trends in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Misuse

Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prescription stimulant misuse is associated with being under age 30, being White, and living in metropolitan areas, according to a new evidence report from AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, developed in partnership with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.  Researchers examined the misuse of ADHD prescription stimulant medications in adults to understand the patterns and trends in misuse and its short- and long-term health consequences.  They found that 3.7 percent of young adults, ages 19 to 30, misused ADHD medications in 2023, a decrease from 7.8 percent in 2022.  The primary reasons identified for misuse include the following:
  • To focus
  • To stay awake
  • To study better
  • To get high or experiment
  • To lose weight
Adults who misuse prescription stimulants primarily purchase or obtain them from for free from friends or family.  Access the evidence report.

Join AHRQ’s Safety Program To Help Hospitals Improve CAUTI Rates

AHRQ is recruiting adult intensive care units (ICUs) and non-ICUs to participate in a free 9-month program to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in acute care hospitals.  Program participants will learn how to enhance teamwork and communication, gain access to regular benchmarking reports, and receive expert consultation and tools to promote infection prevention procedures and patient safety culture.  Participants will also receive free continuing education (CEU/CME) credits.  Register for the first informational recruitment webinars scheduled for August 13 and 28.  Space in the program is available on a first-come, first-served basis.  The program will begin in February 2026.  Visit the website for more details.

Gaps in High Blood Pressure Treatment Highlighted in New Statistical Brief

In 2021–22, 90.5 million adults had diagnosed or treated high blood pressure.  A new statistical brief from AHRQ’s Medical Expenditure Panel Survey shows that 74.5 percent of adults diagnosed with or treated for high blood pressure received medications, but only 56.5 percent also had related medical visits.  Another 18.0 percent received medications but had no visits, and 15.1 percent had no medical treatment at all.  The findings suggest potential issues with followup care and access, particularly for nonelderly adults.  Explore the statistical brief for insights on treatment patterns by age, income, and insurance status, and learn where gaps in care remain.

Methods Emerge for Evaluating AI Documentation Tools

AI-powered ambient digital scribing (ADS) tools can reduce documentation burdens and give clinicians more time to focus on patient care.  Two recent AHRQ-funded studies offer practical methods for evaluating these tools to ensure they’re integrated safely and effectively into clinical workflows.
  • A study in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association demonstrated the use of simulation testing to compare two ADS tools.  Researchers analyzed transcripts from 11 real patient encounters and found that notes generated by one model took significantly longer to edit and contained more errors in text placement and additions—though it had fewer omissions.  The findings suggest simulation testing can help clinicians identify which ADS tools best meet their needs.  Access the abstract.
  • A study in NPJ Digital Medicine introduced a structured framework—SCRIBE (simulation, computational metrics, reviewer assessment, and intelligence evaluation)—for assessing ADS tools.  Researchers developed their own ADS tool and tested it on recordings from 40 clinical visits.  The framework identified strengths such as clarity and completeness, and flagged challenges including transcription errors, unlikely case scenarios, and possible demographic bias.  The authors note that SCRIBE may offer a scalable, resource-conscious way to evaluate ADS tools.  Access the article.

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AHRQ Stats: Prevalence of Heart Disease Treatment by Age

Adults aged 65 and older were most likely to receive treatment for heart disease in 2022, with 22.8 percent having treatment.  Only 6.0 percent of adults aged 45 to 64 and 1.4 percent of those aged 18 to 44 had treatment that year.  (Source: AHRQ Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Statistical Brief #562, Healthcare Expenditures for Heart Disease among Adults Aged 18 and Older in the U.S. Civilian Noninstitutionalized Population, 2022.)

New Research and Evidence

AHRQ in the Professional Literature

Outcomes for hospitals participating in more- and less-mature ACOs.  Chukmaitov A, Harless DW, Muhlestein DB. Am J Manag Care. 2025 Jun;31(Spec. No. 6):sp322-36.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

Initial real-world pilot of the MedMorph reference architecture: hepatitis C surveillance and research.  Michaels M, Botts NE, Hassell S, et al. Appl Clin Inform. 2025 Mar;16(2):234-44. Epub 2025 Mar 12.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

Building a public-private partnership to confront the emergency department boarding crisis.  Michael SS, Bruna S, Sessums LL. Health Aff Sch. 2025 Apr;3(4):qxaf014. Epub 2025 Apr 2.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

Antibiotic stewardship in the neonatal intensive care unit.  Flannery DD, Coggins SA, Medoro AK. J Intensive Care Med. 2025 Aug;40(8):862-75. Epub 2024 Jun 5.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

Economic evaluations of worksite health centers: a systematic review.  Jiang H, Schwirtlich T, Beestrum M, et al. J Occup Environ Med. 2025 Apr;67(4):229-34. Epub 2024 Dec 10.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

Preventing and managing tracheostomy-related emergencies in the radiology suite: best practices for safety and preparedness.  Morris LL, Brenner MJ, Williams RL, et al. J Radiol Nurs. 2025 Jun;44(2):150-60. Epub 2025 Jun 3.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

Guiding Clostridioides difficile infection prevention efforts in a hospital setting with AI.  Tang S, Shepard S, Clark R, et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Jun 2;8(6):e2515213.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

Multicomponent deimplementation strategy to reduce low-value preoperative testing.  Antunez AG, Kazemi RJ, Richburg C, et al. JAMA Surg. 2025 Mar;160(3):304-11.  Access the abstract on PubMed®.

USDOL Issues Comprehensive Employer Guidance on Long COVID

The United States Department of Labor (USDOL) has issued a comprehensive set of resources that can be accessed below for employers on dealing with Long COVID.

Supporting Employees with Long COVID: A Guide for Employers

The “Supporting Employees with Long COVID” guide from the USDOL-funded Employer Assistance and Resource Network on Disability Inclusion (EARN) and Job Accommodation Network (JAN) addresses the basics of Long COVID, including its intersection with mental health, and common workplace supports for different symptoms.  It also explores employers’ responsibilities to provide reasonable accommodations and answers frequently asked questions about Long COVID and employment, including inquiries related to telework and leave.

Download the guide

Accommodation and Compliance: Long COVID

The Long COVID Accommodation and Compliance webpage from the USDOL-funded Job Accommodation Network (JAN) helps employers and employees understand strategies for supporting workers with Long COVID.  Topics include Long COVID in the context of disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), specific accommodation ideas based on limitations or work-related functions, common situations and solutions, and questions to consider when identifying effective accommodations for employees with Long COVID.  Find this and other Long COVID resources from JAN, below:

Long COVID, Disability and Underserved Communities: Recommendations for Employers

The research-to-practice brief “Long COVID, Disability and Underserved Communities” synthesizes an extensive review of documents, literature and data sources, conducted by the USDOL-funded Employer Assistance and Resource Network on Disability Inclusion (EARN) on the impact of Long COVID on employment, with a focus on demographic differences.  It also outlines recommended actions organizations can take to create a supportive and inclusive workplace culture for people with Long COVID, especially those with disabilities who belong to other historically underserved groups.

Read the brief

Long COVID and Disability Accommodations in the Workplace

The policy brief “Long COVID and Disability Accommodations in the Workplace” explores Long COVID’s impact on the workforce and provides examples of policy actions different states are taking to help affected people remain at work or return when ready.  It was developed by the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) as part of its involvement in USDOL’s State Exchange on Employment and Disability (SEED) initiative.

Download the policy brief

Understanding and Addressing the Workplace Challenges Related to Long COVID

The report “Understanding and Addressing the Workplace Challenges Related to Long COVID” summarizes key themes and takeaways from an ePolicyWorks national online dialogue through which members of the public were invited to share their experiences and insights regarding workplace challenges posed by Long COVID.  The dialogue took place during summer 2022 and was hosted by USDOL and its agencies in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Surgeon General.

Download the report

Working with Long COVID

The USDOL-published “Working with Long COVID” fact sheet shares strategies for supporting workers with Long COVID, including accommodations for common symptoms and resources for further guidance and assistance with specific situations.

Download the fact sheet

COVID-19: Long-Term Symptoms

This USDOL motion graphic informs workers with Long COVID that they may be entitled to temporary or long-term supports to help them stay on the job or return to work when ready, and shares where they can find related assistance.

Watch the motion graphic

A Personal Story of Long COVID and Disability Disclosure

In the podcast “A Personal Story of Long COVID and Disability Disclosure,” Pam Bingham, senior program manager for Intuit’s Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Tech team, shares her personal experience of navigating Long COVID symptoms at work.  The segment was produced by the USDOL-funded Partnership on Employment and Accessible Technology (PEAT) as part of its ongoing “Future of Work” podcast series.

Listen to the podcast

HHS OIG Issues Annual Report on State MFCUs

Per the notice below, the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has issued its annual report on the performance of state Medicaid Fraud Control Units (MFCUs).

Medicaid Fraud Control Units Fiscal Year 2023 Annual Report (OEI-09-24-00200) 

Medicaid Fraud Control Units (MFCUs) investigate and prosecute Medicaid provider fraud and patient abuse or neglect. OIG is the Federal agency that oversees and annually approves federal funding for MFCUs through a recertification process. This new report analyzed the statistical data on annual case outcomes—such as convictions, civil settlements and judgments, and recoveries—that the 53 MFCUs submitted for Fiscal Year 2023.  New York data is as follows:

Outcomes

  • Investigations1 - 556
  • Indicted/Charged - 9
  • Convictions - 8
  • Civil Settlements/Judgments - 28
  • Recoveries2 - $73,204,518

Resources

  • MFCU Expenditures3 - $55,964,293
  • Staff on Board4 - 257

1Investigations are defined as the total number of open investigations at the end of the fiscal year.

2Recoveries are defined as the amount of money that defendants are required to pay as a result of a settlement, judgment, or prefiling settlement in criminal and civil cases and may not reflect actual collections.  Recoveries may involve cases that include participation by other Federal and State agencies.

3MFCU and Medicaid Expenditures include both State and Federal expenditures.

4Staff on Board is defined as the total number of staff employed by the Unit at the end of the fiscal year.

Read the Full Report

View the Statistical Chart

Engage with the Interactive Map

GAO Issues Report on Medicaid Managed Care Service Denials and Appeal Outcomes

The United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) has issued a report on federal use of state data on Medicaid managed care service denials and appeal outcomes.  GAO found that federal oversight is limited because it doesn't require states to report on Medicaid managed care service denials or appeal outcomes and there has not been much progress on plans to analyze and make the data publicly available.  To read the GAO report on federal use of state data on Medicaid managed care service denials and appeal outcomes, use the first link below.  To read GAO highlights of the report on federal use of state data on Medicaid managed care service denials and appeal outcomes, use the second link below.
https://www.gao.gov/assets/d24106627.pdf  (GAO report on federal use of state data on Medicaid managed care service denials and appeal outcomes)
https://www.gao.gov/assets/d24106627_high.pdf  (GAO highlights on federal use of state data on Medicaid managed care service denials and appeal outcomes)

CMS Issues Latest Medicare Regulatory Activities Update

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has issued its latest update on its regulatory activities in the Medicare program.  While dentistry is only minimally connected to the Medicare program, Medicare drives the majority of health care policies and insurance reimbursement policies throughout the country.  Therefore, it always pays to keep a close eye on what CMS is doing in Medicare.  To read the latest CMS update on its regulatory activities in Medicare, use the link below.
https://www.cms.gov/training-education/medicare-learning-network/newsletter/2024-03-14-mlnc